hints2

GENERAL (all HTML documents should have these)

Document Type    <HTML></HTML> (beginning and end of file)
Title    <TITLE></TITLE> (must be in header)
Header    <HEAD></HEAD> (descriptive info, such as title)
Body   <BODY></BODY> (bulk of the page)

STRUCTURAL DEFINITION (appearance controlled by the browser's preferences)

Heading    <H?></H?> (the spec. defines 6 levels)
Align Heading    <H? ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></H?>
Division    <DIV></DIV>
Align Division    <DIV ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|JUSTIFY></DIV>
Block Quote    <BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE> (usually indented)
Emphasis    <EM></EM> (usually displayed as italic)
Strong Emphasis    <STRONG></STRONG> (usually displayed as bold)
Citation    <CITE></CITE> (usually italics)
Code    <CODE></CODE> (for source code listings)
Sample Output    <SAMP></SAMP>

Keyboard Input    <KBD></KBD>
Variable    <VAR></VAR>
Definition    <DFN></DFN> (not widely implemented)
Author's Address    <ADDRESS></ADDRESS>
Large Font Size    <BIG></BIG>
Small Font Size    <SMALL></SMALL>

PRESENTATION FORMATTING (author specifies text appearance)

Bold    <B></B>
Italic    <I></I>
N3.0b Underline    <U></U> (not widely implemented yet)
Strikeout    <STRIKE></STRIKE> (not widely implemented yet)
N3.0b Strikeout    <S></S> (not widely implemented yet)
Subscript    <SUB></SUB>
Superscript    <SUP></SUP>
Typewriter    <TT></TT> (displays in a monospaced font)
Preformatted    <PRE></PRE> (display text spacing as-is)
Width    <PRE WIDTH=?></PRE> (in characters)
Center    <CENTER></CENTER> (for both text and images)
N1.0 Blinking    <BLINK></BLINK>

Font Size    <FONT SIZE=?></FONT> (ranges from 1-7)
Change Font Size    <FONT SIZE="+|-?"></FONT>
N1.0 Base Font Size    <BASEFONT SIZE=?> (from 1-7; default is 3)
Font Color    <FONT COLOR="#$$$$$$"></FONT>
N3.0b Select Font    <FONT FACE="***"></FONT>
N3.0b Multi-Column    <MULTICOL COLS=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Column Gutter    <MULTICOL GUTTER=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Column Width    <MULTICOL WIDTH=?></MULTICOL>
N3.0b Spacer    <SPACER>
N3.0b Spacer Type    <SPACER TYPE=horizontal|vertical|block>

N3.0b Size    <SPACER SIZE=?>
N3.0b Dimensions    <SPACER WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>
N3.0b Alignment    <SPACER ALIGN=left|right|center>

LINKS AND GRAPHICS

Link Something    <A HREF="URL"></A>
Link to Target    <A HREF="URL#***"></A> (if in another document)
   <A HREF="#***"></A> (if in current document)
N2.0 Target Window    <A HREF="URL" TARGET="***"></A>
Define Target    <A NAME="***"></A>
Display Image    <IMG SRC="URL">
Alignment    <IMG SRC="URL" ALIGN=TOP|BOTTOM|MIDDLE|LEFT|RIGHT>
Alternate   <IMG SRC="URL" ALT="***"> (if image not displayed)
Dimensions    <IMG SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?> (in pixels)
Border    <IMG SRC="URL" BORDER=?> (in pixels)

Runaround Space    <IMG SRC="URL" HSPACE=? VSPACE=?> (in pixels)
N1.0 Low-Res Proxy    <IMG SRC="URL" LOWSRC="URL">
Imagemap    <IMG SRC="URL" ISMAP> (requires a script)
Imagemap    <IMG SRC="URL" USEMAP="URL">
Map    <MAP NAME="***"></MAP> (describes the map)
Section    <AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS=",,," HREF="URL"|NOHREF>
N1.1 Client Pull    <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="?; URL=URL">
N2.0 Embed Object    <EMBED SRC="URL"> (insert object into page)
N2.0 Object Size    <EMBED SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>

DIVIDERS

Paragraph    <P></P> (closing tag often unnecessary)
Align Text    <P ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></P>
Line Break    <BR> (a single carriage return)
Clear Textwrap    <BR CLEAR=LEFT|RIGHT|ALL>
Horizontal Rule    <HR>
Alignment    <HR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER>
Thickness    <HR SIZE=?> (in pixels)
Width    <HR WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
Width Percent    <HR WIDTH="%"> (as a percentage of page width)
Solid Line    <HR NOSHADE> (without the 3D cutout look)
N1.0 No Break    <NOBR></NOBR> (prevents line breaks)

N1.0 Word Break    <WBR> (where to break a line if needed)

LISTS (lists can be nested)

Unordered List    <UL><LI></UL> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact    <UL COMPACT></UL>
Bullet Type    <UL TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE> (for the whole list)
   <LI TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE> (this & subsequent)
Ordered List    <OL><LI></OL> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact    <OL COMPACT></OL>
Numbering Type    <OL TYPE=A|a|I|i|1> (for the whole list)
   <LI TYPE=A|a|I|i|1> (this & subsequent)
Starting Number    <OL START=?> (for the whole list)
   <LI VALUE=?> (this & subsequent)

Definition List    <DL><DT><DD></DL> (<DT>=term, <DD>=definition)
Compact    <DL COMPACT></DL>
Menu List    <MENU><LI></MENU> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact    <MENU COMPACT></MENU>
Directory List    <DIR><LI></DIR> (<LI> before each list item)
Compact    <DIR COMPACT></DIR>

BACKGROUNDS AND COLORS

Tiled Bkground    <BODY BACKGROUND="URL">
Bkground Color    <BODY BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$"> (order is red/green/blue)
Text Color    <BODY TEXT="#$$$$$$">
Link Color    <BODY LINK="#$$$$$$">
Visited Link    <BODY VLINK="#$$$$$$">
Active Link    <BODY ALINK="#$$$$$$">

SPECIAL CHARACTERS (these must all be in lower case)

Special Character &#?; (where ? is the ISO 8859-1 code)

<            <
>            >
&            &
"            "
Registered TM        ®
Registered TM        ®
Copyright        ©
Copyright        ©
Non-Breaking        Spc &nbsp
FORMS (generally require a script on your server)

Define Form    <FORM ACTION="URL" METHOD=GET|POST></FORM>
N2.0 File Upload    <FORM ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data></FORM>
Input Field    <INPUT TYPE="TEXT|PASSWORD|CHECKBOX|RADIO|
   IMAGE|HIDDEN|SUBMIT|RESET">
Field Name    <INPUT NAME="***">
Field Value    <INPUT VALUE="***">
Checked?    <INPUT CHECKED> (checkboxes and radio boxes)
Field Size    <INPUT SIZE=?> (in characters)
Max Length    <INPUT MAXLENGTH=?> (in characters)
Selection List    <SELECT></SELECT>
Name of List    <SELECT NAME="***"></SELECT>

# of Options    <SELECT SIZE=?></SELECT>
Multiple Choice    <SELECT MULTIPLE> (can select more than one)
Option    <OPTION> (items that can be selected)
Default Option    <OPTION SELECTED>
Input Box Size    <TEXTAREA ROWS=? COLS=?></TEXTAREA>
Name of Box    <TEXTAREA NAME="***"></TEXTAREA>
N2.0 Wrap Text    <TEXTAREA WRAP=OFF|VIRTUAL|PHYSICAL></TEXTAREA>

TABLES

Define Table    <TABLE></TABLE>
Table Border    <TABLE BORDER></TABLE> (either on or off)
Table Border    <TABLE BORDER=?></TABLE> (you can set the value)
Cell Spacing    <TABLE CELLSPACING=?>
Cell Padding    <TABLE CELLPADDING=?>
Desired Width    <TABLE WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
Width Percent    <TABLE WIDTH=%> (percentage of page)
Table Row    <TR></TR>
Alignment    <TR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
   VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
Table Cell    <TD></TD> (must appear within table rows)

Alignment    <TD ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
   VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
No linebreaks    <TD NOWRAP>
Columns to Span    <TD COLSPAN=?>
Rows to Span    <TD ROWSPAN=?>
N1.1 Desired Width    <TD WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
N1.1 Width Percent    <TD WIDTH="%"> (percentage of table)
N3.0b Cell Color    <TD BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
Table Header    <TH></TH> (same as data, except bold centered)
Alignment    <TH ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER
   VALIGN=TOP|MIDDLE|BOTTOM>
No Linebreaks    <TH NOWRAP>
Columns to Span    <TH COLSPAN=?>

Rows to Span    <TH ROWSPAN=?>
N1.1 Desired Width    <TH WIDTH=?> (in pixels)
N1.1 Width Percent    <TH WIDTH="%"> (percentage of table)
N3.0b Cell Color    <TH BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$">
Table Caption    <CAPTION></CAPTION>
Alignment    <CAPTION ALIGN=TOP|BOTTOM> (above/below table)

FRAMES (define and manipulate specific regions of the screen)

N2.0 Frame Document    <FRAMESET></FRAMESET> (instead of <BODY>)
N2.0 Row Heights    <FRAMESET ROWS=,,,></FRAMESET> (pixels or %)
N2.0 Row Heights    <FRAMESET ROWS=*></FRAMESET> (* = relative size)
N2.0 Column Widths    <FRAMESET COLS=,,,></FRAMESET> (pixels or %)
N2.0 Column Widths    <FRAMESET COLS=*></FRAMESET> (* = relative size)
N3.0b Borders    <FRAMESET FRAMEBORDER="yes|no">
N3.0b Border Width    <FRAMESET BORDER=?>
N3.0b Border Color    <FRAMESET BORDERCOLOR="#$$$$$$">

N2.0 Define Frame    <FRAME> (contents of an individual frame)
N2.0 Display Document    <FRAME SRC="URL">
N2.0 Frame Name    <FRAME NAME="***"|_blank|_self|_parent|_top>
N2.0 Margin Width    <FRAME MARGINWIDTH=?> (left and right margins)
N2.0 Margin Height    <FRAME MARGINHEIGHT=?> (top and bottom margins)
N2.0 Scrollbar?    <FRAME SCROLLING="YES|NO|AUTO">
N2.0 Not Resizable    <FRAME NORESIZE>
N3.0b Borders    <FRAME FRAMEBORDER="yes|no">
N3.0b Border Color    <FRAME BORDERCOLOR="#$$$$$$">

N2.0 Unframed Content    <NOFRAMES></NOFRAMES> (for non-frames browsers)

JAVA

Applet    <APPLET></APPLET>
File Name    <APPLET CODE="***">
Parameters    <APPLET PARAM NAME="***">
Location    <APPLET CODEBASE="URL">
Identifier    <APPLET NAME="***"> (for references)
Alt Text    <APPLET ALT="***"> (for non-Java browsers)
Alignment    <APPLET ALIGN="LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER">
Size    <APPLET WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?> (in pixels)
Spacing    <APPLET HSPACE=? VSPACE=?> (in pixels)

MISCELLANEOUS

Comment     (not displayed by the browser)
Prologue    <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
Searchable    <ISINDEX> (indicates a searchable index)
Prompt    <ISINDEX PROMPT="***"> (text to prompt input)
Send Search    <A HREF="URL?***"></a> (use a real question mark)
URL of This File    <BASE HREF="URL"> (must be in header)
N2.0 Base Window Name    <BASE TARGET="***">(must be in header)
Relationship    <LINK REV="***" REL="***" HREF="URL"> (in header)

Meta Information    <META> (must be in header)
Style Sheets    <STYLE></STYLE> (not widely supported yet)
Scripts    <SCRIPT></SCRIPT> (not widely supported yet)